孫綽 (손작)

손작(孫綽)

경치가 아름다운 회계의 산수간에서 사안 , 왕희지(王羲之), 이충(李充), 허순(許詢), 지둔(支遁) 등과 청담(淸談)을 나누었다.

또한, 진(晉)나라 때인 353년에 손작(孫綽)을 포함 왕희지(王羲之), 사안(謝安) 등 41명이 중국 저장성[浙江省] 샤오싱시[紹興市] 서남쪽에 있는 유명한 정자인 란팅 [蘭亭(난정), Lan Pavilion] 에서 악신(惡神)을 내쫓는 의식을 치렀다.

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손작(孫綽) 관련 한시

情人碧玉歌(정인벽옥가)

邵雍 (소옹, 1011~1077)

邵雍(소옹, 1011~1077)

異名: 邵雍(Shào Yōng), 호 안락선생(安樂先生), 자 요부(堯夫), 시호 강절(康節)
국적: 중국 송(宋)
활동분야: 철학
주요저서: 《황극경세서(皇極經世書)》 《관물내외편(觀物內外編)》

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중국 송(宋)나라의 학자 ·시인. 도가사상의 영향을 받고 유교의 역철학(易哲學)을 발전시켜 특이한 수리철학(數理哲學)을 만들었다. 그는 음(陰) ·양(陽) ·강(剛) ·유(柔)의 4원(四元)을 근본으로 하고, 4의 배수(倍數)로서 모든 것을 설명하였다.

蘇軾 (소식, 1036~1101)

소식(蘇軾, 1036.12.19~1101.7.28)

異名: 호 동파거사(東坡居士), 자 자첨(子瞻), 애칭(愛稱) 파공(坡公), 파선(坡仙)
국적: 중국 북송
활동분야: 문학
출생지: 중국 메이산[眉山:지금의 四川省]
주요작품: 적벽부(赤壁賦)

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중국 북송 때의 제1의 시인. “독서가 만 권에 달하여도 율(律)은 읽지 않는다” 고 해 초유의 필화사건을 일으켰다. 당시(唐詩)가 서정적인 데 대하여 그의 시는 철학적 요소가 짙었고 새로운 시경(詩境)을 개척하였다. 대표작인 《적벽부(赤壁賦)》는 불후의 명작으로 널리 애창되고 있다.

蘇小小 (소소소, Su Xiaoxiao)

蘇小小(소소소)

異名: 쑤샤오샤오, Sū Xiǎoxiǎo, Su Xiǎojun

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중국의 역대 미인 중에 최고로 꼽는 4대 미인이 누구인지에 대해서는 여러 가지 설이 있을 수 있지만 일반적으로 서시(西施), 왕소군(王昭君), 초선(貂蟬), 양귀비(楊貴妃) 4명을 4대 미인으로 꼽는다. 이런 4명의 미인가운데 중국인들은 역시 나라를 보다 확실하게 망하게 한 서시를 최고의 미인으로 꼽는다고 한다. 그 서시가 항주 출신이라는 데서, 중국의 항주는 미녀의 고향으로 유명하다. 그런데 서시만큼은 평가를 받지 못하지만 오늘날까지 항주를 비롯한 중국 남부에서 사랑을 받는 항주미인이 있으니 그의 이름이 바로 소소소(蘇小小)이다. 아마도 몸집이 크지 않고 아담해서 소소(小小)라는 이름을 얻었을 이 아가씨가 살던 시기는 남제(南齊 479-502)시대로서. 당나라가 망한 뒤에 양자강 남쪽에서 수많은 왕국들이 교대하던 그런 시기였다.

孫武 (Sun Tzu, 544BC-496BC)

Sun Tzu

Sun Wu (simplified Chinese: 孙武; traditional Chinese: 孫武; pinyin: Sūn Wǔ), style name Changqing (長卿), better known as Sun Tzu or Sunzi (simplified Chinese: 孙子; traditional Chinese: 孫子; pinyin: Sūnzǐ; pronounced [swə́n tsɨ̀]), was an ancient Chinese military general, strategist and philosopher who is traditionally believed to be the author of The Art of War, an influential ancient Chinese book on military strategy. Sun Tzu has had a significant impact on Chinese and Asian history and culture, both as an author of The Art of War and through legend.

Sun Tzu, also known as Sun Tze or Sun Wu in other translations, was a historical figure whose authenticity is questioned by historians. Traditional accounts place him in the Spring and Autumn Period of China (722–481 BC) as a military general serving under King Helü of Wu, who lived c. 544–496 BC. Modern scholars accepting his historicity place the completion of The Art of War in the Warring States Period (476–221 BC), based on the descriptions of warfare in the text, and on the similarity of text's prose to other works completed in the early Warring States period.

Traditional accounts state that his descendant, Sun Bin, also wrote a treatise on military tactics, titled Sun Bin's Art of War. Both Sun Wu and Sun Bin were referred to as Sun Tzu in classical Chinese writings, and some historians believed that Sun Wu was in fact Sun Bin until Sun Bin's own treatise was discovered in 1972. During the 19th and 20th centuries, Sun Tzu's The Art of War grew in popularity and saw practical use in Western society, and his work continues to influence both Asian and Western culture and politics.

The oldest available sources disagree as to where Sun Tzu was born. The Spring and Autumn Annals states that Sun Tzu was born in Qi, while the later Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji) states that Sun Tzu was a native of Wu.

Both sources agree that Sun Tzu was born in the late Spring and Autumn Period of China (722–481 BC), and that he was active as a general and strategist, serving the king of Wu, King Helü, in the late sixth century BC, beginning around 512 BC. Sun Tzu's victories then inspired him to write The Art of War. The Art of War was one of the most widely read military treatises in the subsequent Warring States Period (475–221 BC), a time of constant war among seven nations (Zhao, Qi, Qin, Chu, Han, Wei and Yan) who fought to control the vast expanse of fertile territory in Eastern China.

One of the more well-known stories about Sun Tzu, taken from Shiji, illustrates Sun Tzu's temperament as follows: Before hiring Sun Tzu, the King of Wu tested Sun Tzu's skills by commanding him to train a harem of 180 concubines into soldiers. Sun Tzu divided them into two companies, appointing the two concubines most favored by the king as the company commanders. When Sun Tzu first ordered the concubines to face right, they giggled. In response, Sun Tzu said that the general, in this case himself, was responsible for ensuring that soldiers understood the commands given to them. Then, he reiterated the command, and again the concubines giggled. Sun Tzu then ordered the execution of the king's two favored concubines, to the king's protests. He explained that if the general's soldiers understood their commands but did not obey, it was the fault of the officers. Sun Tzu also said that, once a general was appointed, it was his duty to carry out his mission, even if the king protested. After both concubines were killed, new officers were chosen to replace them. Afterwards, both companies performed their maneuvers flawlessly.

Shiji claims that Sun Tzu later proved on the battlefield that his theories were effective (for example, in the Battle of Boju), that he had a successful military career, and that he wrote The Art of War based on his tested expertise. However, Zuo Zhuan, an earlier historical text which provides a much more detailed account of the Battle of Boju, does not mention Sun Tzu at all.

Sun Tzu's descendant, Sun Bin, also became a famous scholar of the military arts.

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Quotes·Quotation by Sun Tzu

War

¶ 知彼知己百戰不殆。
If you know the enemy and know yourself, you need not fear the result of a hundred battles.

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun-Tzu